That dream of bouncy, voluminous curls or soft, romantic waves can be so tempting. For decades, the perm has been the go-to chemical service for transforming straight hair into something entirely new. But as you sit in the salon chair, a question might pop into your head: is this process actually damaging my hair?
The short answer is that perms chemically alter your hair’s structure, which always carries some risk. However, whether the result is “bad” for your hair depends heavily on several factors, including your hair’s current health, the skill of your stylist, and how you care for your new curls afterward.
How a Perm Actually Works
To understand the potential for damage, it helps to know what’s happening during a perm. Your hair’s natural shape is determined by bonds within each strand. A perm uses a chemical solution, typically containing ammonium thioglycolate, to break those bonds. Once the hair is wrapped around rods, the structure is broken down and then reformed into a new, curly pattern with a neutralizer. This process is permanent until new hair grows in.
Where the Potential for Damage Lies
Because a perm is a chemical process, it can lead to dryness and brittleness. The same chemicals that reshape your hair also strip away some of its natural oils and proteins. If your hair was already damaged, colored, or very fine, a perm can push it over the edge, leading to breakage, split ends, or a frizzy, straw-like texture. Over-processing is a real risk, especially if a perm is applied incorrectly or left on for too long.
Caring for Your Hair After a Perm
The key to keeping permed hair healthy is a dedicated aftercare routine. Your hair will be more porous and thirsty, so it’s crucial to switch to a moisturizing shampoo and a rich conditioner. Deep conditioning treatments once a week can be a game-changer for restoring softness and shine. Be gentle when detangling, use a wide-tooth comb on wet hair, and try to minimize heat styling to keep your curls looking their best and prevent additional stress.
Making the Right Choice for Your Hair
So, are perms bad for your hair? They don’t have to be. The outcome largely depends on starting with healthy hair and trusting an experienced stylist who can assess your hair’s condition. They can perform a test strand to see how your hair will react. If your hair is already color-treated or significantly damaged, it might be best to pause on the perm and focus on restorative treatments first.
Ultimately, a perm can be a fun way to achieve beautiful curls, but it requires respect for the chemical process involved. With the right preparation and a solid care plan, you can enjoy your new texture while keeping your hair as healthy as possible.